An oral exam is routinely performed by the dentist during the course of an initial comprehensive exam and regular check-ups. An oral cancer exam refers to the identification and management of diseases pertaining to the maxillofacial and oral regions.
The soft tissue of the mouth is normally lined with mucosa, which is a special type of skin that should appear smooth in texture and pink in color. Any alteration of the color or texture of the mucosa may signal the beginning of a pathologic process. These changes may occur on the gums, tongue, lips, etc. The most serious of these pathologic changes (which may or may not be painful) is oral cancer, but there are also many other common pathologic problems.
Treatment of Pathological Diseases
In the majority of cases, the pathological changes experienced in the oral region are uncomfortable, but not life threatening. However, oral cancer is on the rise (especially among men) and the chances of survival are around 80% if an immediate diagnosis is made.
Oral cancer is a general term used when referring to any type of cancer affecting the tongue, jaw, and lower cheek area. Since it is impossible for the dentist to decisively diagnose a pathological disease without taking a biopsy sample of the affected area, seeking immediate treatment when changes are first noticed might be a life and death decision. For less serious problems, there are several options available, such as:
Antibiotics – In the case of a bacterial infection or persistent soreness, the dentist may prescribe a dose of antibiotics to return the mucosa to its natural state. This will alleviate soreness and discomfort.
Diluted Hydrogen Peroxide – When poor oral hygiene is causing changes to the soft tissue, the dentist may prescribe a diluted hydrogen peroxide mouthwash. This will kill more bacteria than regular mouthwash and improve halitosis (bad breath).
Oral Surgery – If the patient has cysts or abnormal non-cancerous growths, the dentist may decide to completely remove them. This can improve comfort levels, alleviate breathing problems, and make speech substantially easier depending on the location of the cyst.
Signs to Look Out for
While oral pathology may be minor in some cases, the worst case scenario is generally a cancerous growth. The beginning signs of oral cancer include:
- A lump on the skin inside the lips or mouth
- Red or white patches anywhere in the mouth
- Difficulty swallowing or chewing
- A sore in the mouth that won’t heal easily, and bleeds often
- Constant hoarseness
- A severe sore throat
The most common locations for many of these signs will be inside the mouth, positioned on the lips, cheeks, gum tissue, palate or tongue. Many patients believe they will experience some level of discomfort with these signs, but that’s not always true. Our doctors in Peoria, Galesburg, and Macomb often state that oral pathology does not always involve discomfort. Regardless, whether a patient experiences a different feeling or not, a change in the appearance or texture in these areas could be the beginning signs of oral cancer and an evaluation should be conducted as soon as possible.
The consequences of oral pathology can be avoided or significantly limited with early detection, diagnosis, and treatments. If you notice anything different in your mouth, or if you are experiencing any pain or symptoms that cause you concern, we encourage you to contact us today to schedule a consultation and evaluation.
If you have any questions about Oral Pathology, please make an appointment for consultation with Dr. Ian Woo. Dr. Woo is a dual-degreed MD, OMS graduate of USC, with many years of experience and a track record of many tens of thousands of successful surgical procedures.